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Ali Pourahmad's Inventions | Category: New inventions in the world | Related: Scientific discoveries and technological inventions
Airplane emergency landing | Airplane landing without wheels | Smart machine for emergency landing
◉ Introduction and objectives:
In this article, we will briefly explain the invention of the aircraft emergency landing machine.
Since December 17, 1903, when the first manned aircraft crashed during landing (the airplane of the brothers Orville and Wilbur Wright), unfortunately air accidents have continued to this day due to unsuccessful landings. One of the threats in any flight is the possibility of an emergency landing due to factors such as deteriorating weather conditions, lack of fuel, technical malfunctions in the engine, electronic systems and navigation of an aircraft.
◉ Invention: Smart machine for emergency landing of airplanes
◉ Inventor and Patent Owner: Ali Pourahmad
◉ Category: New inventions from inventors in the world
Analytical statistics prepared from air accidents show that nearly 80 percent of all air accidents can be directly or indirectly related to mistakes made by humans. The most likely and dangerous times for air accidents to occur are during takeoff and landing of an aircraft, as well as the short periods before and after these two periods. According to estimates extracted from aviation statistics, pilot mistake has accounted for 53 percent, mechanical failure for 21 percent, and weather conditions for 11 percent of all aviation accidents to date.
After reviewing the list of all the air accidents that have ever occurred and paying attention to the details of each phase of the flight in which the crash occurred, an undeniable truth became clear to me, which was that the operations related to landing and taking off of an aircraft are one of the most complex technical stages of any flight. In fact, if a technical problem occurs during these stages, the probability of an accident increases greatly. For example, almost half of all plane accidents that occurred between 1983 and 2019 were related to the takeoff or landing period of the airplanes. On the other hand, during the takeoff and landing period, a high level of technical and specialized activities are carried out by the crew on board the airplane and the technical coordination and support teams on the ground, which indicates the great importance of these two phases in the operation of any flight.
◉ Invention: Smart machine for emergency landing of airplanes
◉ Inventor and Patent Owner: Ali Pourahmad
◉ Category: New inventions from inventors in the world
The combination of technical failures in electronic navigation systems, malfunctioning landing gear hydraulic systems or unstable and bad weather conditions increases the likelihood of an unforeseen situation occurring for any flight. In such situations, the airplane is forced to make an emergency landing and in some cases even land without wheels on the runway which in most emergency landings, the aircraft crashes and causes irreparable and unfortunate incidents for the passengers.
Despite the use of current methods to reduce body friction, such as pouring foam on the runway for landing an aircraft whose wheels do not open, but these methods have not been very effective so far and have not been a complete and decisive guarantee for preventing accidents related to drag and deviation of the plane on the runway. The reason for the inefficiency of such methods is the very high speed of the airplane at the moment of landing, which simultaneously creates high pressure and thermal friction in the lower body of the plane. In most cases, the temperature caused by the friction of the body with the runway causes an increase in the pressure coefficient and even leads to the body catching fire, which sometimes leads to the explosion of the aircraft's fuel tanks.
◉ Invention: Smart machine for emergency landing of airplanes
◉ Inventor and Patent Owner: Ali Pourahmad
◉ Category: New inventions from inventors in the world
Commercial aircraft come in different types depending on the duration and class of flight, and the weight of each is calculated based on two factors. Zero Fuel Weight, which is the total weight of passengers, luggage, and cargo, and Take Off Weight, which is obtained by adding the fuel required by the airplane to the zero fuel weight. It is important to consider the weight of an aircraft before takeoff and during landing because this weight puts a lot of pressure on the plane structure. In special and rare circumstances, the probability of damage to the aircraft structure during landings without wheels is very high due to the combination of weight with environmental factors such as temperature, pressure, and humidity, and sometimes even the airplane breaks in half.
One of my constant concerns during my thirty years of working at the Iran National Airline was finding an effective way to prevent accidents caused by emergency landings, which ultimately led me to create the idea of building an "intelligent landing machine" for any plane that has trouble landing. My goal with this invention is to increase the safety of landings of any type of aircraft and completely reduce the risk of accidents during emergency landings. By equipping airports with "landing machines," we can significantly increase the safety of passengers and flight crews, because given the impossibility of guaranteeing the flawless operation of airplanes and the possibility of technical defects, so equipping airports with "emergency landing machines" can be considered as one of the important components of air transport infrastructure.
◉ Invention: Smart machine for emergency landing of airplanes
◉ Inventor and Patent Owner: Ali Pourahmad
◉ Category: New inventions from inventors in the world
◉ Technical details of this invention:
As can be seen in the computer simulation video at the end of this article, in a short definition, a "landing machine" is a wheeled deck that, enables the safe landing of any type of airplane on its deck by utilizing 2 turbofan engines, 4 hydraulic holding levers, and 4 intelligent sensors for detecting speed and altitude. In other words, the "landing machine" moves at a speed similar to the landing speed of the aircraft, thus making it possible for the wheelless aircraft to be quickly kept in balance after landing on the deck by 4 intelligent hydraulic arms and then the intelligent system of the "landing machine" takes control of the speed and movement until it comes to a complete stop. In the rest of the article, I will explain in detail how the different parts of the "landing machine" work.
◉ Invention: Smart machine for emergency landing of airplanes
◉ Inventor and Patent Owner: Ali Pourahmad
◉ Category: New inventions from inventors in the world
I designed the "landing machine" structure based on the "Take Off Weight" of an Airbus A380 so that the "landing machine" structure, while being able to withstand the weight of the world's largest commercial aircraft, and also can safely land other airplanes. In addition, the weight of the structure must be calculated in a way that keeps the aerodynamic balance between the pressure of the aircraft and the acceleration pressure of the structure on the runway in order to prevent possible deviation of the "landing machine" at high speeds and keep the adhesion of the deck to the runway. In fact, a "landing machine" is a sturdy seating platform that is the same length and width as an airplane and is capable of supporting the added weight of the aircraft after landing on its deck.
In general, the speed of an airplane during landing is greater than during takeoff. The reason for this is related to factors such as buoyancy and reduced friction in the air, the presence of charging and lifting forces during flight, the effect of constant cruise altitude speed on the speed of the descent and the effect of the speed of the descent stage up to the landing stage(when the wheels touch the runway surface). In other words, each stage of speed has a tensile and charging effect on the next stage, and due to the laws of physics, a small amount of acceleration drag is always transferred to the next stage. In addition to these cases, weather factors also affect the speed reduction or acceleration, so the landing speed in each flight has a different rate varies between 275 and 290 kilometers per hour depending on the mentioned conditions.
◉ Click on any of the gallery images below to enlarge:
This is an important issue that the speed of the "landing machine" must be the same as the high speed on the landing stage of an airplane, so the body of plane can be placed in balance on the deck without drag when they both have the same speed. To achieve this goal, I used two RB-967 turbofan engines (from Rolls-Royce) with a thrust of 272 thousand pounds (equivalent to 1210 kilonewtons) in this design. Using these two powerful engines, the "Landing Machine" can reach a speed of 290 km/h (180 mph) in the shortest time from the moment of acceleration, which is exactly the same speed as the aircraft landing. Although the acceleration of the two powerful RB-967 turbofan engines is capable of bringing the "landing machine" to a speed of 400 km/h (248 mph) while keeps adhesion on the runway, but moving at a speed of 290 km/h is acceptable and sufficient for a perfect safe landing (as an aviation standard).
◉ Invention: Smart machine for emergency landing of airplanes
◉ Inventor and Patent Owner: Ali Pourahmad
◉ Category: New inventions from inventors in the world
In terms of structure, the "landing machine" is designed as a flat deck with four aerodynamic balance control wings for safe landing. The length of this deck is 278.87 feet (85 meters), the distance between the two ends of the large front wings is 262.46 feet (80 meters), the distance between the two ends of the small rear wings is 164 feet (50 meters), the height of the deck from the ground is 4.92 feet (1.5 meters), the width of the deck is 26.24 feet (8 meters) and the width of the wings is 4.92 feet (1.5 meters). Four plastic pads (2 in the front and 2 in the rear) are mounted on the deck, which have high flexibility and tolerance to the weight of the aircraft. To keep the balance and adhesion of the aircraft to the deck, 2 hydraulic body holder levers are mounted in front of the deck and 2 hydraulic body holder levers are mounted in the rear of the deck so that the aircraft is in a state of complete balance after landing on the deck and the lever arms are locked around the body.
The "Landing Machine" has 4 wings equipped with wheels that are responsible to keep the balance when the aircraft lands on the deck. There are 4 wheels under each side of the two front wings that help the deck move in a straight line without deviation at high speeds. Also, to reduce the risk of deviation, two wings (equipped with 4 wheels) are designed at the rear of the deck. By using these 4 wings, the deck is in a completely balanced position during the impact caused by landing because when the aircraft body contacts the deck pads, there will be a slight possibility of deviation and drag but by equipping the deck with these four wings, the possibility of deviation has been eliminated.
◉ Invention: Smart machine for emergency landing of airplanes
◉ Inventor and Patent Owner: Ali Pourahmad
◉ Category: New inventions from inventors in the world
There are 4 levers connected to mechanical arms on the deck. The combined operation of these 4 holding arms is carried out by receiving an electronic signal from the intelligent system for detecting contact between the aircraft body and the plastic pads. Also, the system for detecting contact between the body and the deck is connected to the Cockpit to coordinate the opening and 90-degree rotation of the mechanical arm to lock the levers around the aircraft body with greater and better coordination. In addition, to better and safer detect landing on the deck, an flexible elastic rod equipped with a warning light and a distance detection radar is mounted in front of the deck as a tool for pointing and measuring the alignment of the vertical and horizontal axes. The important function of this stick is that the pilot will ensure that the aircraft is in the proper position to slow down and land on the plastic pads by aligning and leveling the center of the aircraft's nose with the tip of the cursor stick.
The "Landing Machine" is equipped with 4 CCTV remote control cameras on the deck. These cameras monitor the landing operation and send data online to the control tower so that the flight operations support team can better inform the pilot about the operation of the mechanical systems at the moment of landing. These cameras can also simultaneously send video signals to the pilot's cockpit so that the pilot can make better decisions about reducing speed by fully observing the contact between the aircraft's lower body and the plastic pads on the deck.
◉ Invention: Smart machine for emergency landing of airplanes
◉ Inventor and Patent Owner: Ali Pourahmad
◉ Category: New inventions from inventors in the world
Including the 22 wheels (from the flight type) and the equipment mounted on the deck, the "landing machine" weighs is approximately 44,092 pounds (20,000 kilograms). This weight provides the necessary ability for the "landing machine" to accelerate quickly and reach to high speed as the speed of the aircraft that is landing. This speed adjustment is done by an intelligent radar installed in front of the deck. In addition, it is possible to change the speed by the flight operations support team using a remote control system until the "landing machine" and the aircraft reach maximum speed parity.
Given the many unfortunate incidents that have occurred due to unsuccessful landings of commercial and non-commercial aircraft, the use of "emergency landing machine" can be considered and optimally utilized as an important infrastructure to improve the level of safety in the field of air transportation. By equipping all airports with a "landing machine", this mutual guarantee is given to the trust of all passengers who choose airlines for travel and expect that at the end of their trip there will be no worries about a safe landing (even in the event of a technical failure in the wheels).
Like other inventions, this invention also has the potential for further development and optimization, and its commercialization can significantly contribute to reducing aviation accidents caused by emergency landings.
End of article//
◉ Video of smart machine for emergency landing of airplanes / Category: Inventions by Ali Pourahmad
◉ Animation creator of this video: Ali Pourahmad
◉ Music composer of this video: Ali Pourahmad
◉ Narrator: Ali Pourahmad
◉ Language: English
◉ Subtitles: None
About inventor and author of this article:
◉ Scientific inventions by Ali Pourahmad
◉ Ali Pourahmad's science fiction films
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◉ Paintings by Ali Pourahmad
◉ Ali Pourahmad's Instrumental music
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